习题练习

[{"id":1031,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级环保活动中，某学生收集了若干节废旧电池。他将这些电池分成3组，第一组比第二组多2节，第三组比第二组少1节，三组共收集了14节电池。设第二组有x节电池，则可列出一元一次方程为：___。","answer":"x + (x + 2) + (x - 1) = 14","explanation":"设第二组有x节电池，则第一组有(x + 2)节，第三组有(x - 1)节。根据题意，三组总数为14节，因此方程为x + (x + 2) + (x - 1) = 14。该题考查学生根据实际问题建立一元一次方程的能力，属于一元一次方程知识点的简单应用。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 05:53:02","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":578,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"26","answer":"待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 20:04:45","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1807,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级数学测验成绩时，发现前5名学生的分数分别为82、88、90、88、92。这组数据的众数和中位数分别是多少？","answer":"A","explanation":"首先将数据从小到大排列：82、88、88、90、92。众数是出现次数最多的数，88出现了两次，其他数各出现一次，因此众数是88。中位数是数据按顺序排列后位于中间的数，共有5个数据，中间位置是第3个数，即88。因此中位数也是88。正确答案是A。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 16:17:51","updated_at":"2026-01-06 16:17:51","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"众数是88，中位数是88","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"众数是90，中位数是88","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"众数是88，中位数是90","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"众数是92，中位数是90","is_correct":0}]},{"id":888,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级图书捐赠活动中，某学生第一天捐出了自己藏书的一半多2本，第二天又捐出了剩下的3本，此时他手中还剩5本图书。那么这名学生最初有___本图书。","answer":"20","explanation":"设这名学生最初有 x 本图书。第一天捐出 (1\/2)x + 2 本，则剩下 x - [(1\/2)x + 2] = (1\/2)x - 2 本。第二天捐出3本后，剩下 [(1\/2)x - 2] - 3 = (1\/2)x - 5 本。根据题意，此时还剩5本，因此列出方程：(1\/2)x - 5 = 5。解这个一元一次方程：(1\/2)x = 10，得 x = 20。所以这名学生最初有20本图书。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 02:00:43","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":284,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"8","answer":"答案待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 15:31:38","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":214,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"一个长方形的长是8厘米，宽是5厘米，它的周长是_厘米。","answer":"26","explanation":"长方形的周长计算公式是：周长 = 2 × (长 + 宽)。将长8厘米和宽5厘米代入公式，得到：2 × (8 + 5) = 2 × 13 = 26。因此，这个长方形的周长是26厘米。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 14:40:05","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":428,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"86.2分","answer":"待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:34:37","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1355,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某校组织七年级学生参加环保主题研学活动，活动分为A、B两组，每组人数不同。已知A组人数比B组多8人，若从A组调2人到B组，则A组人数恰好是B组人数的2倍。活动结束后，学校对两组学生收集的可回收垃圾重量进行了统计，发现A组平均每人收集垃圾重量比B组多0.5千克，且两组共收集了120千克垃圾。若设B组原有人数为x人，A组原有人数为y人，A组平均每人收集垃圾重量为z千克。请根据以上信息：(1) 列出关于x、y的二元一次方程组，并求出A、B两组原有的人数；(2) 用含z的代数式表示B组平均每人收集的垃圾重量，并建立关于z的一元一次方程，求出z的值；(3) 若学校规定每人至少收集3千克垃圾才能获得‘环保小卫士’称号，请判断A、B两组中哪些组的所有学生都能获得该称号，并说明理由。","answer":"(1) 根据题意，A组人数比B组多8人，可得方程：y = x + 8。\n若从A组调2人到B组，则A组变为(y - 2)人，B组变为(x + 2)人，此时A组人数是B组的2倍，得方程：y - 2 = 2(x + 2)。\n将第一个方程代入第二个方程：\n(x + 8) - 2 = 2(x + 2)\nx + 6 = 2x + 4\n6 - 4 = 2x - x\nx = 2\n代入y = x + 8，得y = 10。\n所以，B组原有2人，A组原有10人。\n\n(2) A组平均每人收集z千克，则A组共收集10z千克。\nB组平均每人收集垃圾重量为：(120 - 10z) \/ 2 = 60 - 5z（千克）。\n根据题意，A组平均比B组多0.5千克，得方程：\nz = (60 - 5z) + 0.5\nz = 60.5 - 5z\nz + 5z = 60.5\n6z = 60.5\nz = 60.5 ÷ 6 = 121\/12 ≈ 10.083（千克）\n所以，z = 121\/12 千克。\n\n(3) A组平均每人收集121\/12 ≈ 10.083千克 > 3千克，满足条件，因此A组所有学生都能获得称号。\nB组平均每人收集60 - 5z = 60 - 5×(121\/12) = 60 - 605\/12 = (720 - 605)\/12 = 115\/12 ≈ 9.583千克 > 3千克，也满足条件。\n因此，A、B两组的所有学生都能获得‘环保小卫士’称号。","explanation":"本题综合考查二元一次方程组、一元一次方程、整式运算及实际问题的建模能力。第(1)问通过人数变化建立方程组，考查学生对等量关系的理解与解方程组的能力；第(2)问引入平均数概念，结合总重量建立代数表达式并求解，涉及有理数运算与方程应用；第(3)问结合不等式思想（隐含比较），判断是否满足最低标准，体现数学在生活中的应用。题目情境新颖，融合环保主题，考查知识点全面，逻辑层次清晰，难度递进，符合困难等级要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 11:06:01","updated_at":"2026-01-06 11:06:01","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":484,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"众数 < 中位数 < 平均数","answer":"待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:59:09","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1330,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某城市地铁线路规划部门正在设计一条新线路，需要在平面直角坐标系中确定两个站点A和B的位置。已知站点A位于点(2, 3)，站点B位于第一象限，且满足以下条件：\n\n1. 站点B到x轴的距离是到y轴距离的2倍；\n2. 线段AB的长度为√58；\n3. 在站点A和B之间需要设置一个临时中转站C，使得C是线段AB的中点；\n4. 规划部门还要求中转站C的纵坐标必须大于4。\n\n请根据以上条件，求出站点B的坐标，并验证中转站C是否满足规划要求。若存在多个可能的B点，请说明理由并给出所有符合条件的解。","answer":"设站点B的坐标为(x, y)，其中x > 0，y > 0（因为B在第一象限）。\n\n根据条件1：站点B到x轴的距离是|y|，到y轴的距离是|x|。由于在第一象限，x > 0，y > 0，所以有：\n y = 2x （1）\n\n根据条件2：AB的距离为√58，A(2, 3)，B(x, y)，由两点间距离公式得：\n √[(x - 2)² + (y - 3)²] = √58\n两边平方得：\n (x - 2)² + (y - 3)² = 58 （2）\n\n将（1）代入（2）：\n (x - 2)² + (2x - 3)² = 58\n展开：\n (x² - 4x + 4) + (4x² - 12x + 9) = 58\n合并同类项：\n 5x² - 16x + 13 = 58\n移项：\n 5x² - 16x - 45 = 0\n\n解这个一元二次方程：\n 判别式 Δ = (-16)² - 4×5×(-45) = 256 + 900 = 1156 = 34²\n x = [16 ± 34] \/ (2×5)\n x₁ = (16 + 34)\/10 = 50\/10 = 5\n x₂ = (16 - 34)\/10 = -18\/10 = -1.8\n\n由于B在第一象限，x > 0，故舍去x = -1.8，取x = 5\n代入（1）得：y = 2×5 = 10\n所以B点坐标为(5, 10)\n\n求中点C的坐标：\n C = ((2 + 5)\/2, (3 + 10)\/2) = (7\/2, 13\/2) = (3.5, 6.5)\n\n验证条件4：C的纵坐标为6.5 > 4，满足要求。\n\n因此，唯一符合条件的站点B的坐标为(5, 10)，中转站C(3.5, 6.5)满足规划要求。","explanation":"本题综合考查了平面直角坐标系、两点间距离公式、一元二次方程的解法以及不等式判断。解题关键在于将几何条件转化为代数方程：利用‘到坐标轴距离’的关系建立y = 2x；利用距离公式建立二次方程；通过解方程并结合第一象限的限制筛选有效解；最后计算中点坐标并验证纵坐标是否大于4。虽然方程有两个解，但负值解因不符合第一象限被排除，体现了数学建模中的实际意义检验。整个过程涉及多个知识点的融合应用，逻辑链条完整，属于困难级别的综合解答题。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 10:57:14","updated_at":"2026-01-06 10:57:14","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]}]