习题练习

[{"id":2269,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"在数轴上，点A表示的数是-3，点B与点A的距离为5个单位长度，且位于点A的右侧。点C与点B关于原点对称。那么点C表示的数是___","answer":"D","explanation":"点A表示-3，点B在点A右侧且距离为5，因此点B表示的数是-3 + 5 = 2。点C与点B关于原点对称，即点C是点B的相反数，所以点C表示的数是-2的相反数，即8。因此正确答案是D。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-09 16:09:15","updated_at":"2026-01-09 16:09:15","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"-8","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"2","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"-2","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"8","is_correct":1}]},{"id":2478,"subject":"数学","grade":"九年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"一个圆形花坛的半径为5米，现要在花坛周围铺设一条宽度相同的环形小路，使得整个区域（花坛加小路）的外圆周长为18π米。求这条小路的宽度。","answer":"D","explanation":"设小路的宽度为x米，则整个区域的外圆半径为(5 + x)米。根据圆的周长公式C = 2πr，可得外圆周长为2π(5 + x)。题目中给出外圆周长为18π米，因此列出方程：2π(5 + x) = 18π。两边同时除以π，得2(5 + x) = 18，即10 + 2x = 18，解得2x = 8，x = 4。因此，小路的宽度为4米，正确答案为D。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-10 15:08:22","updated_at":"2026-01-10 15:08:22","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"1米","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"2米","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"3米","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"4米","is_correct":1}]},{"id":2774,"subject":"历史","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在参观博物馆时，看到一件唐代的陶俑，俑的服饰具有明显的异域风格，手持乐器，表情生动。讲解员介绍，这类陶俑常出现在唐代墓葬中，反映了当时社会的一种特殊文化现象。这种现象最能说明唐代哪一方面的社会特征？","answer":"B","explanation":"题干描述的是唐代墓葬中出现的具有异域风格的陶俑，手持乐器，这反映了唐代社会对外来文化的接纳与融合。唐代国力强盛，对外开放程度高，通过丝绸之路与中亚、西亚乃至欧洲进行广泛交流，胡人乐舞、服饰、器物等大量传入中原，成为当时社会生活的一部分。因此，这类陶俑正是中外文化交流和民族交融的实物见证。选项A、C、D虽然在唐代也有体现，但与题干中的‘异域风格陶俑’无直接关联，故排除。正确答案为B。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-12 10:42:44","updated_at":"2026-01-12 10:42:44","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"农业技术高度发达，粮食产量大幅提升","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"民族交融与中外文化交流频繁","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"中央集权制度空前强化","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"佛教成为唯一官方信仰","is_correct":0}]},{"id":523,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学的课外阅读时间数据时，记录了5名同学每周的阅读时间（单位：小时）分别为：3，5，4，6，2。如果他想用条形统计图来展示这些数据，并希望每个条形的高度与对应数值成正比，那么当阅读时间为4小时的同学对应的条形高度为8厘米时，阅读时间为6小时的同学对应的条形高度应为多少厘米？","answer":"B","explanation":"题目考查的是数据的收集、整理与描述中的比例关系应用。已知阅读时间与条形高度成正比，即高度 = k × 时间。根据条件，当时间为4小时时，高度为8厘米，可求出比例系数 k = 8 ÷ 4 = 2（厘米\/小时）。因此，当时间为6小时时，高度 = 2 × 6 = 12厘米。故正确答案为B。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 18:25:28","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"10厘米","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"12厘米","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"14厘米","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"16厘米","is_correct":0}]},{"id":459,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学最喜欢的运动项目调查数据时，制作了如下频数分布表。已知喜欢篮球的人数比喜欢足球的多6人，且喜欢乒乓球的人数是喜欢羽毛球的2倍。如果总共有40名学生参与调查，且每人只选择一项最喜欢的运动，那么喜欢羽毛球的学生有多少人？\n\n运动项目 | 人数\n----------|------\n篮球 | ?\n足球 | ?\n乒乓球 | ?\n羽毛球 | ?","answer":"B","explanation":"设喜欢羽毛球的人数为x，则喜欢乒乓球的人数为2x。设喜欢足球的人数为y，则喜欢篮球的人数为y + 6。根据总人数为40，列出方程：x + 2x + y + (y + 6) = 40。化简得：3x + 2y + 6 = 40，即3x + 2y = 34。尝试代入选项验证：若x = 6，则3×6 = 18，代入得2y = 16，y = 8。此时篮球人数为8 + 6 = 14，总人数为6 + 12 + 8 + 14 = 40，符合条件。因此喜欢羽毛球的学生有6人。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:48:28","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"4人","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"6人","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"8人","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"10人","is_correct":0}]},{"id":661,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级环保活动中，某学生收集了若干节废旧电池。如果他将收集到的电池数量增加5节后，总数恰好是原来数量的2倍。那么他原来收集了___节电池。","answer":"5","explanation":"设该学生原来收集了x节电池。根据题意，增加5节后总数为x + 5，而这个数量等于原来数量的2倍，即2x。因此可以列出方程：x + 5 = 2x。解这个一元一次方程，将x移到右边得5 = 2x - x，即5 = x。所以原来收集了5节电池。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 22:15:41","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1757,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某校七年级组织学生参加数学实践活动，要求将学生分成若干小组，每组人数相同。已知若每组安排6人，则最后一组只有4人；若每组安排8人，则最后一组只有6人；若每组安排9人，则最后一组只有7人。问：该校七年级参加活动的学生至少有多少人？请通过建立方程或不等式模型，并结合整除性质进行分析求解。","answer":"设参加活动的学生总人数为x人。\n\n根据题意，可列出以下同余关系：\n\nx ≡ 4 (mod 6) ——（1）\n\nx ≡ 6 (mod 8) ——（2）\n\nx ≡ 7 (mod 9) ——（3）\n\n观察发现，每个余数都比除数少2：\n\n即：x + 2 ≡ 0 (mod 6)\n\nx + 2 ≡ 0 (mod 8)\n\nx + 2 ≡ 0 (mod 9)\n\n说明 x + 2 是 6、8、9 的公倍数。\n\n先求6、8、9的最小公倍数：\n\n分解质因数：\n\n6 = 2 × 3\n\n8 = 2³\n\n9 = 3²\n\n取各质因数最高次幂：2³ × 3² = 8 × 9 = 72\n\n所以 x + 2 是72的倍数，即 x + 2 = 72k（k为正整数）\n\n因此 x = 72k - 2\n\n当k = 1时，x = 72 - 2 = 70\n\n验证：\n\n70 ÷ 6 = 11组余4人 → 符合（1）\n\n70 ÷ 8 = 8组余6人 → 符合（2）\n\n70 ÷ 9 = 7组余7人 → 符合（3）\n\n当k = 2时，x = 144 - 2 = 142，也满足，但题目要求“至少”有多少人。\n\n所以最小满足条件的x为70。\n\n答：该校七年级参加活动的学生至少有70人。","explanation":"本题考查学生对同余概念的理解与转化能力，结合整除性质和一元一次方程建模思想。关键在于发现三个条件中余数与除数的关系：余数均为除数减2，从而转化为x + 2是6、8、9的公倍数。通过求最小公倍数得到最小解。题目融合了整数的整除性、最小公倍数、方程建模与逻辑推理，属于典型的困难级别应用题，要求学生具备较强的观察力与抽象思维能力。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 14:33:35","updated_at":"2026-01-06 14:33:35","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1779,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"某学生记录了一周内每天完成数学作业所用的时间（单位：分钟）：35、40、30、45、35、50、35。这组数据的中位数是___。","answer":"35","explanation":"将数据从小到大排列：30、35、35、35、40、45、50。共7个数，中位数是第4个数，即35。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 15:37:18","updated_at":"2026-01-06 15:37:18","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":2002,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在研究一次函数图像时，发现函数 y = 2x - 4 与 x 轴的交点为 A，与 y 轴的交点为 B。若将线段 AB 绕原点逆时针旋转 90°，得到线段 A'B'，则点 A' 的坐标是？","answer":"A","explanation":"首先求出一次函数 y = 2x - 4 与坐标轴的交点。令 y = 0，得 0 = 2x - 4，解得 x = 2，所以点 A 坐标为 (2, 0)。令 x = 0，得 y = -4，所以点 B 坐标为 (0, -4)。题目要求将线段 AB 绕原点逆时针旋转 90°，我们只需关注点 A 的变换。点绕原点逆时针旋转 90° 的坐标变换公式为：(x, y) → (-y, x)。将 A(2, 0) 代入公式得：(-0, 2) = (0, 2)。因此点 A' 的坐标为 (0, 2)，正确答案为 A。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-09 10:26:16","updated_at":"2026-01-09 10:26:16","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"(0, 2)","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"(2, 0)","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"(0, -2)","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"(-2, 0)","is_correct":0}]},{"id":1736,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某学校组织七年级学生开展‘校园植物分布调查’项目，要求学生在平面直角坐标系中绘制校园内不同植物的分布图。已知校园主干道为一条直线，其方程为 y = 2x + 1。在调查中，学生发现三棵银杏树分别位于点 A(1, a)、B(b, 7) 和 C(3, c)，且这三点都在这条主干道上。此外，学生还测量到一棵梧桐树位于点 D(4, d)，满足 d > 2×4 + 1，即该点在主干道上方。调查组进一步发现，若将点 A、B、C 的横坐标相加，再减去点 D 的纵坐标，结果为 -5。同时，点 B 到原点的距离小于 10。请根据以上信息，求出 a、b、c、d 的值，并判断点 D 是否可能位于第一象限。","answer":"解：\n\n第一步：由题意知，主干道方程为 y = 2x + 1，点 A(1, a)、B(b, 7)、C(3, c) 都在该直线上。\n\n因为点在直线上，其坐标满足直线方程：\n\n对于点 A(1, a)：代入 y = 2x + 1 得 a = 2×1 + 1 = 3 → a = 3\n\n对于点 B(b, 7)：代入得 7 = 2b + 1 → 2b = 6 → b = 3\n\n对于点 C(3, c)：代入得 c = 2×3 + 1 = 7 → c = 7\n\n所以目前得到：a = 3，b = 3，c = 7\n\n第二步：点 D(4, d) 满足 d > 2×4 + 1 = 9，即 d > 9\n\n第三步：根据条件“点 A、B、C 的横坐标相加，再减去点 D 的纵坐标，结果为 -5”\n\n即：1 + b + 3 - d = -5\n\n代入 b = 3 得：1 + 3 + 3 - d = -5 → 7 - d = -5 → d = 12\n\n验证 d > 9：12 > 9，成立。\n\n第四步：验证点 B 到原点的距离是否小于 10\n\n点 B(3, 7)，到原点距离为 √(3² + 7²) = √(9 + 49) = √58 ≈ 7.62 < 10，满足条件。\n\n第五步：判断点 D(4, 12) 是否在第一象限\n\n第一象限要求横坐标 > 0 且纵坐标 > 0，4 > 0，12 > 0，因此点 D 在第一象限。\n\n最终答案：\na = 3，b = 3，c = 7，d = 12；点 D 位于第一象限。","explanation":"本题综合考查了平面直角坐标系、一次函数（直线方程）、实数运算、不等式以及坐标几何中的距离与象限判断等多个七年级核心知识点。解题关键在于理解‘点在直线上’意味着其坐标满足直线方程，从而建立等式求解未知数。通过代入法依次求出 a、b、c，再利用给出的代数关系式（横坐标和减纵坐标等于 -5）建立方程求出 d，并结合不等式 d > 9 进行验证。最后结合距离公式和象限定义完成综合判断。题目情境新颖，融合实际调查背景，考查学生多知识点整合与逻辑推理能力，难度较高。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 14:20:56","updated_at":"2026-01-06 14:20:56","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]}]