习题练习

[{"id":1056,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"某班级进行了一次数学测验，成绩整理如下表所示。已知90分及以上为优秀，则该班本次测验的优秀率为___%。（成绩分布：80分以下有6人，80-89分有10人，90-100分有14人）","answer":"46.7","explanation":"首先计算总人数：6 + 10 + 14 = 30人。优秀人数为90-100分的14人。优秀率 = (优秀人数 ÷ 总人数) × 100% = (14 ÷ 30) × 100% ≈ 46.7%。本题考查数据的收集、整理与描述中的百分比计算，属于简单难度，符合七年级数学课程标准要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 06:42:48","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":231,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"某学生在计算一个数减去 8 时，误将减号看成了加号，结果得到 25。那么正确的计算结果应该是____。","answer":"9","explanation":"设这个数为 x。根据题意，学生错误地计算了 x + 8 = 25，因此可以求出 x = 25 - 8 = 17。正确的计算应为 17 - 8 = 9。所以正确答案是 9。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 14:41:03","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":1476,"subject":"数学","grade":"七年级","stage":"初中","type":"解答题","content":"某校七年级组织学生参加环保知识竞赛，竞赛成绩以百分制记录。为分析成绩分布情况，某学生随机抽取了50名参赛学生的成绩，整理后得到如下信息：成绩在60分以下的有5人，60～69分的有8人，70～79分的有12人，80～89分的有15人，90～100分的有10人。已知所有被抽取学生的平均成绩为78.6分，且90～100分这一组中，最低分为92分，最高分为100分，该组平均分为96分。若将80～89分这一组的所有成绩都提高5分，同时将60～69分这一组的所有成绩都降低3分，其余组数据不变，求调整后这50名学生的平均成绩（精确到0.1分）。","answer":"解题步骤如下：\n\n第一步：计算原始总分。\n已知平均成绩为78.6分，总人数为50人，\n所以原始总分 = 78.6 × 50 = 3930（分）。\n\n第二步：计算90～100分组原始总分。\n该组有10人，平均分为96分，\n所以该组原始总分 = 96 × 10 = 960（分）。\n\n第三步：计算其余四组的原始总分。\n其余四组总人数 = 50 - 10 = 40人，\n其余四组原始总分 = 3930 - 960 = 2970（分）。\n\n第四步：分析调整情况。\n- 60～69分组：8人，每人成绩降低3分，总分减少 8 × 3 = 24（分）。\n- 80～89分组：15人，每人成绩提高5分，总分增加 15 × 5 = 75（分）。\n- 其他组（60分以下、70～79分、90～100分）成绩不变，总分不变。\n\n第五步：计算调整后总分。\n调整后总分 = 原始总分 - 24 + 75 = 3930 + 51 = 3981（分）。\n\n第六步：计算调整后平均成绩。\n调整后平均成绩 = 3981 ÷ 50 = 79.62（分）。\n精确到0.1分，结果为79.6分。\n\n答：调整后这50名学生的平均成绩为79.6分。","explanation":"本题综合考查了数据的收集、整理与描述中的频数分布、平均数计算，以及有理数的混合运算和一元一次方程思想的应用（虽未显式列方程，但总分与平均数的关系本质上是线性关系）。解题关键在于理解平均数与总分之间的转换，并能准确计算各组调整对总分的影响。题目设置了真实情境，要求学生在多组数据中识别变化部分，排除干扰信息（如90～100分组的详细数据仅用于验证，实际解题中只需其总分），体现了数据分析能力和逻辑推理能力。难度较高，因涉及多步运算、信息筛选和精确计算，符合困难级别要求。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"困难","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-06 11:53:43","updated_at":"2026-01-06 11:53:43","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":608,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"选择题","content":"38","answer":"待完善","explanation":"解析待完善","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 21:31:46","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":764,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"在一次班级图书角整理活动中，某学生统计了上周借阅图书的情况：借阅科普类图书的有12人次，借阅文学类图书的有18人次，两类都借阅的有5人次。那么，上周实际参与借阅图书的学生至少有___人。","answer":"25","explanation":"本题考查数据的收集、整理与描述中的集合思想。根据容斥原理，至少参与借阅的学生人数 = 借阅科普类人数 + 借阅文学类人数 - 两类都借阅的人数。即：12 + 18 - 5 = 25（人）。因为‘两类都借阅’的学生被重复计算了一次，所以需要减去一次重复部分，才能得到实际最少参与人数。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 23:39:50","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":11,"subject":"生物","grade":"初二","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"下列哪项是生态系统中的分解者？","answer":"B","explanation":"细菌和真菌能够分解动植物遗体，将有机物分解为无机物，属于分解者。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-08-29 16:33:04","updated_at":"2025-08-29 16:33:04","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"草","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"蘑菇","is_correct":1},{"id":"C","content":"兔","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"阳光","is_correct":0}]},{"id":804,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"小学","type":"填空题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学的课外阅读时间时，发现阅读时间在30分钟到60分钟之间的学生人数占总调查人数的40%。如果总调查人数为50人，那么阅读时间不在这个区间内的学生有___人。","answer":"30","explanation":"总调查人数为50人，阅读时间在30到60分钟之间的占40%，即50 × 40% = 20人。因此，不在这个区间内的学生人数为50 - 20 = 30人。本题考查数据的收集与整理，涉及百分比的实际应用，属于简单难度。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-30 00:21:14","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]},{"id":395,"subject":"数学","grade":"初一","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生记录了一周内每天完成数学作业所用的时间（单位：分钟），数据如下：45，50，48，52，47，49，51。为了分析这些数据，该学生计算了这组数据的平均数。请问这组数据的平均数最接近以下哪个值？","answer":"C","explanation":"要计算这组数据的平均数，需要将所有数据相加，然后除以数据的个数。数据为：45，50，48，52，47，49，51，共7个数据。求和：45 + 50 + 48 + 52 + 47 + 49 + 51 = 342。平均数为 342 ÷ 7 ≈ 48.857。这个值最接近50，因此正确答案是C。本题考查的是数据的收集、整理与描述中的平均数计算，属于七年级数学课程内容，难度为简单。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-12-29 17:14:48","updated_at":"2025-12-30 11:11:27","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"46","is_correct":0},{"id":"B","content":"48","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"50","is_correct":1},{"id":"D","content":"52","is_correct":0}]},{"id":2315,"subject":"数学","grade":"八年级","stage":"初中","type":"选择题","content":"某学生在整理班级同学身高数据时，记录了5名同学的身高（单位：cm）分别为：158, 162, 160, 165, 155。若再加入一名同学的身高后，这组数据的平均数恰好为160 cm，则这名同学的身高是多少？","answer":"A","explanation":"首先计算原有5名同学身高的总和：158 + 162 + 160 + 165 + 155 = 800（cm）。设新加入同学的身高为x cm，则6名同学的总身高为(800 + x) cm。根据题意，平均数为160 cm，因此有方程：(800 + x) ÷ 6 = 160。解这个方程：800 + x = 960，得x = 160。所以这名同学的身高是160 cm，正确答案为A。","solution_steps":"","common_mistakes":"","learning_suggestions":"","difficulty":"简单","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2026-01-10 10:47:15","updated_at":"2026-01-10 10:47:15","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[{"id":"A","content":"160 cm","is_correct":1},{"id":"B","content":"158 cm","is_correct":0},{"id":"C","content":"162 cm","is_correct":0},{"id":"D","content":"164 cm","is_correct":0}]},{"id":15,"subject":"英语","grade":"初二","stage":"初中","type":"填空题","content":"Fill in the blank: I have _____ (go) to school every day.","answer":"to go","explanation":"\"have to\"表示\"必须，不得不\"，后接动词原形。","solution_steps":null,"common_mistakes":null,"learning_suggestions":null,"difficulty":"中等","points":1,"is_active":1,"created_at":"2025-08-29 16:33:04","updated_at":"2025-08-29 16:33:04","sort_order":0,"source":null,"tags":null,"analysis":null,"knowledge_point":null,"difficulty_coefficient":null,"suggested_time":null,"accuracy_rate":null,"usage_count":0,"last_used":null,"view_count":0,"favorite_count":0,"options":[]}]